Hot Topic Hour March 26 Speakers endorsed Combination NOx Control 
Strategies
The Hot Topic yesterday covered benefits of combination NOx control 
strategies and also unique combinations which may be needed during start up and 
shut down.
NOx (SCR, SNCR) Webinar - Hot Topic Hour March 26, 2015
Benefits of combination NOx control strategies and also unique combinations which may be needed during startup and shut down.
Revision Date: 3/26/2015
Tags: 221112 - Fossil Fuel 化石燃料, Fuel Tech, Licata Energy, STEAG Energy Services, Strapper, Blake, NOx, SCR, SNCR, Regulation
           
Fuel Tech 
has combined staging burners, SNCR and SCR and has demonstrated at China 
Steel and elsewhere that the right combination of technologies can be 
more effective than reliance on one. Combining technologies is not easy as 
outlined by Stewart Bible.
–       
SNCR design must account for combustion output and varying operational 
conditions of your typical boiler, easier if SNCR/SCR retrofit onto existing 
boiler where data can be measured.
–       
SCR design must account for SNCR output and varying operational conditions of 
the combustion and SNCR systems as boiler conditions fluctuate. 
–       
Highly maldistributed NOx and NH3 from boiler.
–       
Increased SCR velocity due to restrictions in catalyst installation space.
                       
Both require expert knowledge in the design of all of the technologies 
being combined.
                       
Both require computational and experimental fluid dynamics modeling 
coupled with flow distribution device optimization.
-         
 Capital cost, reagent consumption, dP, 
catalyst replacement, SO2-SO3 oxidation (lower minimum 
operating temperature).
 
Fuel Tech has combined staging burners, SNCR and SCR and has demonstrated at China Steel and elsewhere that the right combination of technologies can be more effective than reliance on one.
Revision Date: 3/26/2015
Tags: 221112 - Fossil Fuel 化石燃料, Fuel Tech, NOx, SCR, SNCR, Regulation
Blake Stapper 
of AECOM covered the successful combination of combustion and SNCR 
and used Fiddlers Ferry as an example. There is another technology which AECOM 
is also now employing. Where low baselines of NOx are encountered, 
the LoTOx ozone technology can be a supplement to other measures. One new aspect 
introduced by Linde is over the fence supply. 
The plant can buy the ozone and Linde makes the capital investment. This 
avoidance of the capital investment by the utility will be attractive.
Bob McIlvaine remarked that first efforts to use the process incorporated a 
vessel to provide more ozone-NOx contact prior to the scrubber. Blake 
responded that the improved scheme introduces the ozone at a higher temperature 
location where the reaction time is much shorter. 
This eliminates the need for a reaction vessel. Another advantage is 
improved technology to convert oxygen to ozone.
Blake covered the successful combination of combustion and SNCR and used Fiddlers Ferry as an example.
Revision Date: 3/26/2015
Tags: 221112 - Fossil Fuel 化石燃料, AECOM, NOx, SNCR, SCR
Mark Ehrnschwender 
of STEAG covered the experience of his company with many units in 
Germany.  Small SCR systems to meet 
60 percent removal were installed decades ago. Now higher efficiencies are 
required. STEAG has found that a combination of technologies is the best route.

Mark covered the experience of his company with many units in Germany.
Revision Date: 3/26/2015
Tags: 221112 - Fossil Fuel 化石燃料, STEAG Energy Services, NOx, SCR, SNCR
Tony Licata 
analyzed new startup and shut down rules. There are two options but under either 
one there are potential violations.  
The bottom line is that utilities may have to use dry sorbent injection only 
during start up periods and may have to install certain bypasses as well. 
Startup fuel considerations are also warranted.
Utilities may have to use dry sorbent injection only during start up periods and may have to install certain bypasses as well.
Revision Date: 3/26/2015
Tags: 221112 - Fossil Fuel 化石燃料, Licata Energy, NOx, SCR, Regulation