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Biomass Ready Coal-Fired Plants and Massive Tree Planting Will Be the Compromise Climate Change Solution

Coal provided 26 percent of the additional power generation last year and 38 percent of all generation. There are 500,000 MW of new coal-fired generation in the planning stage. This is more than was ever installed in the Americas and Europe. So any programs to reduce coal fired generation on these two continents to zero would eliminate less than is being added elsewhere in the world.

The intergovernmental panel on climate change has a solution. One trillion trees can be planted. They will store an estimated 205 gigatons of carbon, or about two-thirds of the carbon that humans have added to the atmosphere since the 1800s.

The problem with this approach is that 30 years from now in 2050 there will be lots of trees dying and emitting CO₂. However, at that time the biomass can be harvested and burned in power generators. If the 500,000 MW of new coal-fired capacity which is built is designed to be biomass ready it can be converted making each of the generators carbon neutral. If this CO₂ is then sequestered these generators would be as the UK describes it “sucking the CO₂ out of the air.” They would be the only generator type which actually reduces CO₂.

What are the costs? The continuation of the coal fired power program would net a savings of $7.2 trillion over 30 years. The tree planting program would cost $700 billion resulting in a $6.5 trillion saving over the 30 years. For the period 2050-2080 the coal plants would be converted to burn biomass and sequester CO₂. This would raise costs of electricity generation and make this approach relatively costly.

In 2050 these biomass ready coal plants would have already served their purpose as coal generators. Their conversion to biomass would ensure that the forestation approach is sustaining in terms of CO₂ minimization. However, if there are major improvements in the cost of wind and solar, the plants could be retired.

Another option is to convert these plants to biomass combustion at an earlier date. There is optimism that the cost of sequestration can be greatly reduced through programs underway at Drax and other locations. If some of the most pessimistic forecasters are right and climate change becomes a crisis then the biomass generation and sequestration, becomes the only route to solve the problem since it reduces CO₂.

The combust, flow, and treat (CFT) products and services markets will exceed $400 billion next year. The market has typically been segmented by McIlvaine on geographical end-use. However, this analysis is based on where the profits are generated. India and Italy are major exporters of valves. Africa will enjoy a rapidly increasing market, but China will be one of the main beneficiaries in terms of CFT products and services. It is building complete power plants and mines and, in many cases, taking part ownership of them.

The market in 2030 is likely to rise to just under $600 billion if there is a lack of government interference. However, if there is interference in the markets the revenues could only rise to $535 billion.

Interference is a label which applies to tariffs, military destruction of refineries and greenhouse gas legislation as well as similar factors not experienced previously. The world has enjoyed a policy based on the principle that a rising tide floats all ships. Even though the U.S. and Europe are experiencing shrinkage in terms of percentage of world consumption within their borders they have managed to export or produce goods in Asian countries and take advantage of the growing prosperity in that region.

Region	2020				2025				2030
	Free $ mil	%	Inter- ference $ mil	%	Free $ mil	%	Inter-ference $ mil	%	Free $ mil	%	Inter- ference$ mil	%
Asia	176	43	174	43	234	48	232	50	303	51	305	57
EMEA	100	24	100	24	117	24	107	23	119	20	102	19
Americas	134	33	136	33	137	28	126	27	173	29	128	24
Total	410		410		488		465		595		535

The U.S. and the U.K are embarked on policies which will reduce the total market and ultimately decrease their percentage share of a smaller pie. If the U.S. continues aggressive tariff implementation it might see a slight increase in CFT revenues next year but by 2030 it will encounter a smaller market and a smaller market share for its CFT companies.

The U.S. is in an enviable position due to hydraulic fracturing and its leading position as an oil and gas producer. However, China is aggressively pursuing fracturing and coal to syngas and liquids. It is also pursuing fracturing in the Middle East and Argentina. Sinopec is already the world’s largest CFT product consumer and a major supplier as well. By 2030 it is likely that low cost oil and gas will be produced by fracturing in several countries.

In a free environment the role of governments and even geography become secondary whereas the role of multinational corporations becomes paramount. This includes CFT purchasers such as Shell, BASF, Pfizer, and Arcelor Mittal. It includes suppliers such as GEA, GE, Xylem, Doosan, Shenhua Guodian and MHPS. The international suppliers can deal with the international purchasers. Since many international suppliers are in Europe and the U.S. these locations benefit from the free environment. Government imposed restrictions will reduce the market and role of these major companies and decrease the prosperity of the countries in which they are home based.

The actions to fight climate change are another variable. Under an extreme scenario CO₂ reduction could be prioritized regardless of consequences. In a compromise plan such as proposed by McIlvaine there would not be a negative impact on the economy and the CFT market.

The interference variables need to be considered in all the CFT market forecasting. All the long-range forecasts appearing in the specific McIlvaine market reports are updated continually to reflect these variables. http://home.mcilvainecompany.com/index.php/markets

Utility Tracking System Has Details On All Coal-Fired Operators Around the World

Less than 1000 industrial and utility power companies have more than 500 MW of coal fired capacity either planned or installed. These owners will be buying components and systems for 500,000 MW of new coal fired generators and replacement and upgrade components for 2.2 million MW of existing capacity. These companies will purchase more combust, flow and treat products than owners of nuclear, solar, gas turbine, and wind generators combined. These plants are moving toward centralized purchasing based on lowest total cost of ownership. Therefore sales programs directed to each of the 1000 companies will be highly productive and cost effective. The Utility E Alert 41F Utility E-Alert reports on the projects and technology on a weekly basis. This is part of the Utility Tracking System 42EI Utility Tracking System with details on each plant.

Here is an example of those coal-fired plant operators with planned additions between 6000-7000 MW

Company	Planned MW	Installed MW
NLC India	6,700	3,990
TANGEDCO	6,640	4,320
J-POWER	6,356	8,482
Eskom	6,352	41,129
UPRVUNL	6,270	5,474
GCM Resources	6,000	0

The tracking system also provides forecasts of coal-fired capacity by country through 2024.

Coal Fired Capacity- MW
Country	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Romania	5,305	5,305	5,305	5,305	5,305	5,305	6,000
Slovakia	881	881	881	881	881	881	881
Bosnia & Herzegovina	2,073	2,073	2,073	2,073	2,073	3,000	4,000
Serbia	4,405	4,405	4,405	4,405	4,405	5,000	5,000
North Macedonia	800	800	800	800	800	800	1,200
Slovenia	1,069	1,069	1,069	1,069	1,069	1,069	1,069
Croatia	210	210	210	210	210	210	210

Doosan Lentjes is pleased to announce that it has signed a contract for the supply of fabric filters for a power plant in Chvaletice, Czech Republic. The main contractor is the local company ZK Termochem.

The power plant with its 4 x 205 MWe boilers is owned and operated by the Czech energy supplier Sev.en Energy. All four units will be equipped with new filter systems, with the filters for boilers 3&4 being installed first, followed by those for boilers 1&2.

The current contract includes the delivery of two new low-pressure baghouse filters downstream of boilers 3 & 4. The contract for the delivery of the filters for the units 1&2 will be concluded separately.

The new filter systems will remove solid particulates and secure full compliance with emission legislation. Both residents and local industry will benefit from a reliable and environmentally friendly supply of electricity and steam. In addition, the retrofit measures will comprise a more efficient flyash transport system.

Doosan Lentjes’ scope of work in the project will include engineering, delivery of key filter internals and the flyash transport system.

“This is the last group in America that has the expertise to ensure safe and reliable operations of coal plants,” said Johnny Howze III, Vice President Supply Chain Management – Gas, Generation and Shared Services for Southern Co. “The change in focus needed to happen given the market challenges of today. Coal in our energy mix is declining, but not gone yet. These facilities are more complicated than ever before to operate. We all should learn about cycling operations, better maintenance practices and cultural opportunities together instead of approaching these issues fragmented.”

The ACUG will provide value to its members by promoting resources that encourage safety, reliability, education, innovation, awareness, and a sense of community as it relates to the use of coal. These efforts are led by a team of experts from a variety of back grounds and experiences, a group dedicated to expanding upon the successes of the PRB Coal Users’ Group over the past 20-plus years.

Valmet to Supply a Biomass Boiler and a Flue Gas Treatment Plant to BS Energy’s Combined Heat and Power Plant in Braunschweig, Germany

Valmet will supply a biomass-fired boiler and a flue gas treatment plant to BS Energy's combined heat and power (CHP) plant in Braunschweig, Germany. The order was included in Valmet's orders received of the second quarter 2019. The total value of the order is around €50 million.

The boiler with its auxiliary equipment will be part of BS Energy’s energy production strategy 2030. The primary target of the investment is to replace the coal-fired boiler, which will be removed from production in 2022. In addition, the new biomass-fired CHP plant will support BS Energy's objective of environmentally friendly and carbon-neutral production, as it will serve as a base-load unit to meet the district heating and electric power needs of the Braunschweig municipality.

The biomass-fired CHP plant will produce approximately 20 megawatts of electricity and 60 megawatts thermal of district heat. The takeover of the biomass-fired CHP plant is scheduled for early 2022.

The CYMIC circulating fluidized bed boiler included in Valmet's delivery will use recycled wood as its primary fuels. The boiler generates 27 kg/s of high-pressure steam at a pressure of 75 bar and a temperature of 525°C. Its steam-generating capacity is 78 MWth

The flue gas cleaning system included in the delivery will enable fulfilling the tightening emission standards for the future, with the help of a two-phase dust removal system and a semi-dry sorbent injection system.

Tenova Recently Awarded a New Contract for Two EAF Consteel^® Evolution y Hezhou City Zhaoxin Metallic Products

Tenova has recently been awarded a new contract for two EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) Consteel^® Evolution by Hezhou City Zhaoxin Metallic Products Co., LTD, in Guangxi, China. Relying on the great experience and reputation by projects accomplishment in China, Tenova was chosen by the Chinese company as a reliable partner for the construction of its melt shop. This contract represents the 15^th and 16^th state-of-the-art EAF Consteel^® Evolution project in the last eighteen months for Tenova in China.

Consteel^® system is the only fully tested industrial EAF process in operation today that continuously pre-heats and feeds metallic charge to the EAF, while simultaneously controlling gaseous emissions. The latest Consteel^® Evolution integrates the expertise and know-how gained over the years to modify the flow of fumes and to increase the volume and efficiency of the chemical energy used in the process. The results are improving pre-heating and minimizing the dioxin emission.

Andritz and Solvay Have Developed a Bicar^® Dry Exhaust Gas Cleaning System Certified to Comply with IMO 2020 Regulations

ANDRITZ and SOLVAY have announced that the innovative Bicar^® dry exhaust gas cleaning system designed to comply with the new sulfur emission regulations issued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for maritime vessels has been certified successfully by the classification society DNVGL.

These achievements and certifications are crucial milestones for the future of this technology and confirm the know-how of ANDRITZ and SOLVAY in exhaust gas cleaning systems. It will allow the shipping vessels to continue to use high-sulfur heavy fuel oils while drastically reducing their sulfur and fine particles emissions, which will improve the quality of the air very significantly, with a positive impact on human health.

The Bicar^® dry exhaust gas cleaning system was installed on the RoPAx ferry “Piana” operated by the French ferry company La Méridionale and has been operating successfully since being commissioned in April 2019. The initial results are very promising.

The innovative technology uses the SOLVAir^® process principles developed by SOLVAY teams, using Bicar^® as the sorbent for sulfur dioxide removal, and a pulse jet fabric filter for removal of the sulphates and particulates forming. SOLVAIR^®was recently labeled an Efficient Solution by the SOLAR IMPUSE FOUNDATION as it protects the environment in a profitable way.

ANDRITZ was responsible for design and engineering of the system, delivery of the main equipment, and commissioning, while installation work and operation of the system were the responsibility of La Méridionale. Unlike other exhaust gas cleaning systems installed on maritime vessels, no seawater is used and no wastewater is discharged into the sea.

Compliance of this technology and system with regulations that will be enforced as early as January 1, 2020 was confirmed by the Ship Acceptance Test and the MED-G certification awarded for the system by the classification society DNVGL. The certificate verifies conformity of the system with the (EU) 2018/773, item MED/2.10 regulations as well as with MARPOL 73/78. Furthermore, an independent third party (CERTAM) assessed the effectiveness of the Bicar^® dry exhaust gas cleaning system.

The results are impressive and show that the required SO₂ removal to lowest values (more than 96% of SOx removed) was achieved easily. In addition, the ability of the system to remove more than 99% of particulates and ultra-fine particulates was confirmed.

Donaldson Introduces iCue™ Connected Filtration Service to Monitor Industrial Dust Collectors Using IoT

Donaldson Company, Inc. has introduced iCue™ connected filtration service. Enabled by the industrial Internet of Things (IoT), the subscription service monitors industrial dust collectors and sends real-time data and maintenance alerts directly to facility management teams. The information is designed to prompt timely maintenance that can help improve production uptime and reduce operating costs.

Far surpassing traditional non-connected gauges, Donaldson’s iCue service gives factory personnel access to detailed equipment performance data via an online dashboard, and sends simple, actionable notices and email reports to their laptops or mobile devices. Maintenance teams can tailor the information parameters to their specific applications and dust management needs. The iCue service is compatible with major dust and fume collector brands, and a subscription includes hardware, automated reports, real-time maintenance alerts and an online interface for more detailed analysis.

“Facility managers tell us that actively monitoring their dust and fume collectors’ performance is a challenge, in terms of both time and technical knowledge,” said Wade Wessels, director of connected solutions strategy for Donaldson. “Our new iCue service addresses this challenge by presenting real-time, actionable data through an online dashboard, alerts, and report features.”

In an independent survey conducted by Plant Engineering and sponsored by Donaldson, 38 percent of plant engineers said a dust collector disruption would shut down their operation, at an average estimated cost of $3,371 per hour. Despite the high cost of unexpected downtime, nearly half of the survey respondents said their equipment had not been thoroughly evaluated within the past three years, or the date of the most recent evaluation was unknown.

Donaldson publicly introduced the technology behind its iCue service in late 2018 and, between pilot and early adopter customers, facilities across a wide range of industries have already benefited from the service. Initial users have reported results in three main categories:

· Reduced downtime for dust collection equipment and associated production lines,

· Lower maintenance costs for labor and parts, including longer filter replacement intervals, and

In one recent case, performance alerts from Donaldson’s iCue service reduced the time required to resolve an obstruction within a collector’s hopper from two hours to just 15 minutes, through earlier detection and alerts. At another facility, filter life was extended from six weeks to approximately one year because the cause of premature filter wear was accurately diagnosed and addressed, using remote access to the collector’s data.

“The iCue connected filtration service connects our customers’ facilities with Donaldson, allowing the development of a new, ongoing relationship that goes beyond the initial sale of a collector,” said Rick DeJong, senior director of product technologies for the Donaldson Torit^® line of filtration equipment. “In the near future, this connection will allow us to offer additional kinds of product support, which will bring significant value as industries are increasingly struggling with gaps in maintenance labor and experience.”

Evonik has developed a new generation of polyimide fibers for the rising demands of the industry. The new product, brand named P84^® HT, is distinguished by improved mechanical stability and flexibility at continuously high operating temperatures.

The new polyimide fiber continues Evonik’s three decades of tradition of developing and producing high-performance polymer-based fibers for the hot gas filtration market at the Group’s Lenzing/Schörfling sites in Austria

With their unique multi-lobal cross-section and the largest surface area available in the market, these high-tech fibers from Evonik offer the best filtration efficiency. Due to their excellent chemical and physical properties, P84^® HT high-performance fibers can be used in a wide variety of applications. These range from filter media for high-temperature filtration, through protective clothing and sealing materials for space vehicles, to various high-temperature applications such as thermal insulation.

Another competitive differentiating factor of P84® HT consists in the improved textile properties at high temperatures. The new polyimide fiber from Evonik retains its flexibility better than other materials, even at temperatures around 280°C. As a result, it remains more stable in applications with relatively high average temperatures and frequent temperature spikes. A standardized bending test shows that the new P84® HT fiber has almost twice the flexibility of standard materials.

In hot gas filtration applications, for example, the innovative P84® HT filter media retain significantly higher permeability over their entire life cycle. Depending on the field of application, this could reduce emission of fine dust, waste gases and sensibly reduce the total cost of ownership of the plant.

Evonik is a leading global producer of chemically resistant, thermally stable, and non-flammable polyimide fibers. These are produced at its chemical production sites in Lenzing, and Schörfling am Attersee, Austria.

Parker Hannifin Announces their Latest Addition to the BHA® Brand Product Portfolio, ProTura® Nano

The Industrial Gas Filtration and Generation Division of Parker Hannifin Corp., the global leader in motion and control technologies, today announced the launch of a new cartridge filter being added to the BHA product portfolio, the ProTura SB Nano cartridge filter.

This new cartridge filter outperforms conventional cartridge filter media options. At the forefront of technology and innovation, Parker develops and manufactures proprietary BHA filter media technologies. Using advanced research capabilities and the latest equipment Parker Hannifin’s engineers quickly and accurately assess filter capabilities and develop innovative new medias, fabrics, and filtration solutions that meet the unique and evolving needs of our customers.

“Our customers always look to us for the next best product.”, stated David Collison, Business Unit Manager, Parker Hannifin, “Over the years we have led the market with products such as PulsePleat^® filters that feature iPLAS^®, ProTura^® and Preveil^® medias and more. This new cartridge filter will do the same as it outperforms standard cartridge filters.”

· higher efficiency and greater energy savings than any other standard cartridge filter media

· and superior durability compared to standard 80/20 media (cellulose/ polyester blend) media

Hamon has recently launched a new Standardized and Modularized Fabric Filters concept. Plug & Play Fabric Filters have been developed and tested to meet the needs of the industry, worldwide and at a very competitive price.

· Module option has been developed to meet the needs of your industry, offering a large number of possible arrangements

The ASD 200.1 system is the latest member of ULT’s recently introduced device generation ULT 200.1. The compact and mobile dust extraction system’s benefits are high filtration performance, economic and low-noise operation, as well as a specifically developed comprehensive accessory set.

In production processes, in which powder materials are processed or materials are sawed, milled or ground, dust often contaminates the working area. In addition, mechanical processes may generate smoke by heating the processed materials. Dust and smoke are harmful to health and affect the quality of production processes.

As a solution to this problem, there are two ASD 200.1 device variants featuring different filter concepts: a panel filter and a pocket filter version for coarse and fine dusts, respectively.

The utilization of high-class H14 filters (HEPA) according to Standard DIN EN 1822 enables for a 99.995% separation rate. Filtered clean gas can be fed back to the working environment (re-circulated air operation), avoiding heat losses.

The ASD 200.1 unit can be combined with various capturing elements, such as extraction arms or hoses/tubes (DN 50, 75, 80), enabling pollutant removal at up to four individual work places.

The specially developed ecoflow CS™ technology increases or reduces the system’s extraction performance automatically, depending on the number of suction points. Thanks to this integrated vacuum stabilization feature, the ASD 200.1 unit’s extraction performance is adaptable flexibly to the required pollutant capturing.

Activity	2020-2050	2050-80
Tree Planting	-$700 billion	-$700 billion
Saving with coal vs more expensive generation options	$7.2 trillion
Net savings	$6.5 trillion
Biomass combustion and sequestration		0
Net cost differential	$6.5 trillion	-$700 billion