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ABB (stand 14/E 20) is automating FGD systems with combustion optimization. Air Quality Monitoring is a Real Time System for Environmental Monitoring that has been developed in accordance with EEC directives relevant to emission monitoring and control of pollutants from large combustion plants.

Air Quality Monitoring is designed to provide collection, evaluation and storage of environmental data for the sake of air quality and environment safeguard and health protection inside and outside the power plant. ABB also supplies optimization systems. One of the components is a carbon in ash monitor using microwave technology. Additional sensors monitor coal flow. It has a $5 million contract for automation of Montana Power Coalstrip 1 & 2. Combustion efficiency is important in reducing raw SO₂ quantities. This translates in to either more allowances or less reagent consumption

ABB, this year won a $36 million order to refurbish and increase the efficiency of a coal-fired power plant in South Africa. The contract, signed with the state-owned utility Eskom, will extend the life span of the Tutuka 6x609 MW power plant at Standerton in the east of the country.

ABB furnishes a number of products which are used in FGD systems but are not customized for this service. This includes drives and distributed control systems.

On Wednesday afternoon June 29, Alstom will present a paper on an FGD system applied to high sulfur coal burning in Greece. They have been awarded a contract by Fluor Daniel to supply a Seawater FGD system to the Saudi Aramco Mobil Refinery Ltd., in Yanbu, Saudi Arabia. The FGD system will absorb SO₂ emissions by up to 90 percent at a fluid catalytic cracker unit of the refinery.

Austrian Energy has orders for FGD systems for the following power plants in China:

Plant	Size (MW)	Start-up
Zhuhai	2 x 600	2008
Feixian	2 x 600	2008
Zhangqiu	2 x 300	2007
Zhujiang	2 x 300	2006
Ningde	4 x 600	2007
Wuxi waste incineration plant	(3 x 500 t/d)	2006

Bachmann supplies dampers and expansion joints for FGD and other applications. Tandem louver, guillotine, and single flap dampers are available.

Bachmann has success in European FGD dating back to the installation at RWE Essen in 1985. One of the most recent projects is Emile Huchet Unit 6 which includes five FGD Iso-Flow Louver dampers. These are for an ALSTOM system supplied to EDF. Iso-Flow Louver dampers have been furnished to Ever Cleaning Environmental for the Gaojing power plant. Tandem Louvers were supplied to the Douhe power plant through Xhenhua (Beijing) and M&E Tech. Co. Zhejiang Tiandi Environmental purchased Tandem Louvers for the Wenzhou Phase III project. For the Tanjung Bin project in Malaysia, ALSTOM purchased three FGD inlet dampers, three outlet dampers, three bypass dampers, three hot air dampers and six expansion joints.

Name	Title	Email	Mobile phone
Luis Pino	Business Manager	lpino@bachmannusa.com	450-965-0133
Mark G. Martel	Product Manager Heavy Industries	mmartel@bachmannusa.com	610-398-9757
Michael R. Sellinger	Vice-President	msellinger@bachmannusa.com	207-784-1903

Boldrocchi supplies a range of power plant fans. It is furnishing a booster fan with 562 m³/s capacity with a rubber lined casing and super duplex stainless steel impeller for the FGD system at Enel Centrale di Fusina. It is also supplying a booster fan to Lurgi for use in the FGD system being installed at Moneypoint in Ireland.

KE Burgmann provides expansion joints on the inlet side of the FGD with capability to handle temperatures of 250ºC (482ºF). The criteria for this location are temperature and abrasion resistance. On the wet side the expansion joints are Fluachem^® elastomer and fluropolymer to deal with the acidic conditions.

KE Burgmann can point to a number of successful installations including quite a few in Europe. There are five installations in Austria, 21 in Czech Republic, five in Denmark, four in Finland, 117 in Germany, three in Italy, 11 in the Netherlands, four in Poland, one in Slovakia, two in Sweden and two in Turkey.

Name	Title	Email	Mobile phone
Alessandro Pizzi		pizzi@burgmann.com	00 39 039 6083941
Frank Fallesen	Sales Engineer	ff@ke-burgmann.com	0045 76964111
Friedrich Mailinger		mailinger@burgmann.com	00498171 23 1332
Dirk Gaus		gaus@burgmann.com	00498171 23 1242
Garsten Scholz	Dipl. Ing (IH)	scholza@burgmann.com	00498171 23 1234

BWE/STF has the license for the CT-121 FGD process on the European market. This process uses a sump type scrubber. The flue gas is forced through a bubbling zone by the force of the fan. So energy is consumed in the fan and not the pumps. Advantages cited are:

BWE has been a presenter in previous Power-Gen conferences on ultra-supercritical boiler designs. With the emphasis on CO₂ minimization, the more efficient system is valued higher. Also SO₂ emissions are proportionately less with greater efficiency.

DEKOMTE (stand 15/G 06) started as a regulator company in 1880 and today focuses on high temperature expansion joints for FGD and other similar applications. It is headquartered in Germany but has offices throughout Europe, the U.S., Singapore, and India.

Doosan builds complete turnkey coal-fired power plants including air pollution control. It also supplies distributed control systems for FGD systems including a system for the Yosu 1 FGD plant.

Doosan is the largest supplier of wet limestone systems in Korea with 5 FGD systems incorporating 11 absorbers. The company is the licensee of Marsulex. The spray tower design uses internal shells to reduce the L/G. List of installations is as follows: Taegu Dalsu FGD 3 absorbers, Yosu #1, 2 - 2 absorbers (200 MW, 300 MW), Taean #5, 6 - 2, absorbers (500 MW x 2), YoungHung #1, 2 - 2 absorber (800 MW x 2), #7, 8 - 2 absorber (500 MW x 2)

Doosan signed a 435 billion Won EPC contract with Korea Southern Power to supply and install boilers, turbine generators, and other main equipment to the 1,000 MW (2 x 500 MW) coal-fired Hadong Thermal Power Plant Units 7 & 8, to be built next to units 1 through 6 in Gadeok-ri, Geumseong-myeon, Hadong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. According to the contract, Doosan is to design, manufacture, install, and test the boilers and turbine generators by March 2009. Song Eun Hong, Executive Vice President of Doosan and head of the Thermal Power Plant BG, said “Both Korean and foreign power plant companies were very interested in the project since it was to be carried out through Island EPC contracts, but Doosan became the primary contractor after a comprehensive evaluation in terms of price and capabilities.” (Island EPC contracts means there are different contracts for boiler and turbine generators.)

Doosan is continuing to develop Wet FGD systems. Computer analysis of absorption tower and FGD duct flow is done to achieve

FGD Discussion – Subject: Mercury Analysis in Wastewater
Time: 1430, Thursday, June 28

Durag provides optimization systems plus emissions monitors. Their mass dust monitor can accurately determine dust emissions after a wet FGD system. Since considerable dust is likely to be removed in the scrubber, the U.S. approach of placing the opacity monitor before the scrubber is greatly flawed.

Product	Revenue $ millions
Measurement	1
Valves	2-4
Control systems	2-4
Asset Optimization	0.5-1
Analytical	0.5
Factory automation	1-2
Services	2-3

Integrating digital bus-based technology into the design of a wet scrubber can reduce total project cost by approximately $3.9 million, according to Emerson Power and Water. This represents a five percent savings in total construction costs compared with the same project implemented using a traditional hardwired I/O approach.

Emerson Process Management has installed its SmartProcess^® Fleet Emissions Optimizer module to optimize SO₂ emissions at three Xcel Energy Denver-area power generation facilities.

Emerson supplies pH control instrumentation to cope with the abrasive and scaling tendencies of FGD slurries. The following individuals from Emerson will be on the stand with information on the pH control experience in power plant FGD systems.

ESC is a market leader in data acquisition and reporting systems, covering over 35 percent of sources affected under 40CFR75 and other “cap-and-trade” programs. This is a critical function. If the FGD system is operating perfectly but the DAS is not, then the utility suffers in allowance payments. ESC also supplies complete CEMS systems, PEMS, testing and plant performance improvement services including FGD systems.

Foster Wheeler (stand 14/E 26) will supply the boiler island for the 30 MW Wilton 10 biomass plant in the UK. SembCorp is building the $114 million plant on Teesside, northeast UK. The plant will burn around 300,000 tonnes of green and recycled wood per year. Fuel will come from a variety of sources, including specially grown energy crops, forestry logs, sawmill chips and recycled timber.

The company supplies expansion joints, gaskets, and technical textiles in a range of materials. Novapress basic combines aramid fibers and rubber and is suitable for gasketing for the water supply piping of the FGD systems. The temperature limit is 150C. Novapress premium has applicability for applications up to 250C. Novatec Premium is is able to operate at 350C. Novaphit Super HPC withstands temperatures of 550C.

GE is involved with many products and services in many of the branches of the FGD Decision tree. The “Layered Combustion” paper being given on Wednesday at 1530 is the result of the work of the group which was formerly EER in Irvine, California. They have one of the largest pilot furnace facilities in North America. This capability provides resources to develop optimization systems. These result in increased efficiency and therefore less SO₂ per kWh.

The former KVB Enertec group supplies the continuous emission monitors which measure and report the SO₂ emissions and are used to maximize reagent utilization.

The former BHA group furnishes bags for dry FGD with a number of options from the fiber to the bag type and even the coatings or laminates. Since FGD systems remove some particulate but are limited by the potential gypsum contamination, it is important to coordinate precipitator upgrades with FGD construction. This group of GE is a leader in precipitator upgrades.

GE Water is now part of GE Infrastructure. In fact GE announced this week that there are now six major businesses. Dave Calhoun is Vice Chairman of Infrastructure. George Oliver is responsible for GE Water and John Krenicki is responsible for GE Energy. John Rice is now Vice Chairman of Industrial. This includes Fanuc, equipment services and many other groups.

GE water is involved in a number of branches of FGD Decisions. The chemicals needed for separation of the metals from the wastewater along with anti-scalants, defoamers, polymers, etc. are supplied for this application. The equipment group supplies the membrane systems which can be used for selenium removal and other wastewater purification needs.

Hitachi was awarded the contracts for FGD at six coal-fired thermal power plants, two in Spain and four in Portugal, totaling 2,162 MW in generating capacity. This order followed the previous contract for FGD at a thermal power station in Poland (equivalent to 800 MW) last year. Power plants where FGD will be retrofitted are as follows: Spain - Hidroelectrica del Cantabrico: Abono Thermal Power Plant, Unit No.2 (556 MW), Soto Thermal Power Plant, Unit No.3 (350 MW). Portuguese Republic - Companhia Portuguese de Producao de Electricidade,S.A.: Sines Thermal Power Plant, Unit No.1-4 (314 MW × 4).

Typically, pH sensors are installed in line either directly on a circulation line or a slip-stream from the process. Process Fluid temperatures are generally around 120° at approximately 20 to 50 psig. Flow rates are usually very high, often in excess of 100 gpm. Additionally, the process fluid is saturated with lime, fly ash, and entrained solids. Though the control point is normally 5-7 pH, depending on the reagent, it is not uncommon to see pH values as low as 2 during startup and process upsets.

The greatest challenge of this measurement is the severity of the installation environment. Abrasion and fouling necessitate frequent cleaning and recalibration. Sensor life is often very short. Replacement of the sensor in just a few months is not uncommon. Because of the perceived unreliability, multiple sensors are often installed at the same location , increasing the installed capital cost.

Foxboro says its 87IA sensor has successfully demonstrated superior performance in this application.

One way that reduced maintenance is accomplished is through the use of diagnostic capabilities of the 8701TPH Intelligent Transmitter. When interfaced with a Foxboro intelligent pH sensor, multiple diagnostic tools can be employed to help determine when maintenance is required, as well as the overall health of the sensor.

KEMA has a long history in flue gas cleaning and particularly in wet flue gas desulphurization (FGD). This is the result of KEMA’s position as the main engineer and R&D consultant of the Dutch Power Generating Companies, as well as the fact that flue gas desulphurization was introduced relatively early in the Netherlands. The first FGD unit at a coal-fired power plant was commissioned in 1985. Based on these experiences, KEMA has developed its services to all kinds of thermal processes for the conversion of fossil fuels, waste and biomass. KEMA’s activities in the flue gas cleaning area:

One of the issues which FGD Decisions will be analyzing is linings and materials for FGD systems. It does not make sense that rubber linings work in Europe and not in the U.S. and that resin lined steel works for Mitsubishi but not some of the other suppliers. The Europeans contend that is the application and maintenance which makes the rubber linings successful. KEMA is helping European clients maintain lining integrity.

The success of the rubber linings in particular is enhanced in large measure by mutual cooperation between designer, construction engineer, manufacturer, supplier and plant operator. In actual practice, the service life of rubber linings is limited by a combination of factors, including increased temperature, mechanical wear caused by solid particles, wrong selection of materials, object construction and design, improper application, overdue and incorrect repairs. By attacking the rubber linings, the medium can penetrate ever deeper into the rubber. In the long run, medium-filled blisters will form until they burst open, enabling the medium to freely reach the steel. This may cause considerable corrosion damage, which may put the flue gas desulphurization (FGD) plant – and hence the entire power station – out of operation.

KEMA can perform regular tests and inspections to determine how far the medium has penetrated into the rubber lining. Based on these tests, predictions can be made and KEMA can give you advice on the residual life of these linings. This will give you the opportunity to estimate when the need will arise to renew the protective lining. Tests on rubber linings can be performed either destructively (removing samples for testing in a laboratory) or by means of non-destructive techniques, which means that the original lining is examined in situ. These procedures are also documented in the "Coatings and Linings Manual" authored by KEMA.

Lurgi Lentjes AG furnishes complete combustion systems including proprietary limestone wet FGD and dry CFB scrubbing systems.

Lurgi has won a contract to supply FGD and SCR systems for the Electricity Supply Board 3 x 305 MW Moneypoint 1-3 in Ireland. Lurgi Lentjes is to supply the systems for the three 305 MW units by 2008 and is to gradually integrate them into the existing plant while it is in operation. NO_x emissions will be cut by more than 85 percent using SCR and SO₂ emissions by over 90 percent using the dry circulating fluidized bed process.

Lurgi Lentjes has won the contract to expand the capacity of a waste incineration plant in Frankfurt am Main by a fourth line. The customer is the Frankfurt-based plant operator AVA Nordweststadt GmbH. This order supplements the order for the first three waste-to-energy systems.

The construction of the first two incineration lines will be completed in mid-2006, and the other two lines are scheduled to be brought on stream in 2008.

In the modernized plant, the power generated from the incineration of roughly 450,000 tonnes of residual waste per year will be used to generate electricity and supply the north-west of Frankfurt with thermal energy.

The company says that because of its focus on fast-growing markets such as waste incineration and power plants, Lurgi Lentjes (including Gas Cleaning) managed to raise its earnings before taxes from €0.2 million to €0.9 million in the first quarter ended March 31, 2005. MG Technologies reported a profit in the first quarter of 2005 and its earnings before tax (EBT) of €2.2 million. In the corresponding quarter of last year it had reported a loss of €21.1 million. The main reasons for this turnaround in what is traditionally the weakest quarter of the year were the solid operating performance of the four segments as well as a marked improvement in holding-company and financing costs. "The restructuring of the MG Group is increasingly yielding results. Given our solid operating performance in the first quarter, our targets for the MG Group for 2005 continue to be sales of €4.5 billion and a return on sales of around 4 percent,” announced Peter Steiner, MG's CFO.

The AMC Group is the management company for a privately owned portfolio of operating companies and financial investments which include Mixing Solutions Ltd. and its sister company Philadelphia Mixing Solutions. The company supplies agitators for enhanced oxidation of gypsum in limestone scrubber recycle tanks. It also supplies mixers for other FGD applications.

MWH (water, wastewater section) can answer questions about biomass firing and FGD in India. MWH provides engineering services for water related issues in FGD. But the company also is involved world wide in related activities. The National Bio Energy Board, Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources and the Government of India have retained MWH to help them achieve a "National Master Plan (NMP) for Waste-to-Energy" for the nation.

Currently, the majority of India's urban municipal and industrial waste receives either no treatment or only partial treatment before its final disposal. This practice is leading to severe environmental problems, including water, ground and air pollution. At the same time, these inadequate waste collection and treatment controls are affecting human health.

MWH's waste-to-energy master plan will not only address India's environmental challenges. It also will generate valuable energy from the nation's waste in a cost-effective and technically sound manner.

MWH's Master Plan will address cost effective treatment and stabilization of urban and industrial waste with optimal bio-energy recovery and efficient power production for Class I and Class II cities throughout India.

Andrew Mikula of Pennsylvania Crusher will be at his stand for the scheduled discussion of limestone grinding options. There is a choice between a ball mill, a crusher and a tower mill. Ball mill suppliers say the crusher is noisy. Andrew points out that the crusher generates little noise. However, the chute and the motor do generate some noise if proper sound protection steps are not taken. In addition to discussing limestone grinding options, Andrew can discuss grinding of pet coke and other fuels that can be blended with the coke.

K-Tron International, Inc. is a New Jersey corporation founded in 1964. Manufacturing facilities are located in the United States, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Canada. In 2003 K-Tron purchased Pennsylvania Crusher Corporation. K-Tron serves the bulk solids material handling markets through three separate business lines. These three business lines or groups focus primarily on feeding equipment, pneumatic conveying equipment and size reduction equipment. FGD systems require all three of these activities. Blending of plastics and waste fuels with the coal can provide an inexpensive way to introduce chemicals (e.g. chlorine) to oxidize mercury and allow the scrubber to capture the oxidized compound. Size reduction and feeders are needed to ensure proper introduction of these wastes. Decisions about size reduction of limestone include whether to ship larger stone to the plant and provide size reduction at the plant site. Pneumatic conveying is desirable for certain FGD reagents and byproducts.

Name

Title

Email

Mobile/office phone

Andrew Mikula

Director, Int’l Sales

amikula@penncrusher.com

610-544-7200

(US)

In 1991 Rafako signed a consortium agreement with Steinmüller for the delivery of an FGD plant. In 1992, this consortium was awarded a contract for a wet lime FGD system for Jaworzno III Power Plant. In Jaworzno, flue gas from four OP-650 boilers (200 MW units) is treated. The plant includes two absorbers and each of them receives flue gas from two boilers, i.e. 2 x 1,850,000 Nm³/h.

Belchatow Power Plant is the largest lignite fired power plant in Europe with twelve 360 MWe units and total installed capacity of 4,320 MW. In 1995, an international call for tender was announced for the delivery of two FGD plants - for units 5 and 6 - based on wet lime. The scope of the tender included: design, manufacture and delivery of necessary equipment, site erection, start-up and trial run of the FGD plant together with auxiliary equipment, as well as design for foundations and necessary modifications of existing equipment. The contract was awarded to Rafako.

The Unit 6 FGD was put into operation in February 2000. On June 2, 2000 Rafako signed a contract with the Belchatow Power Plant for turnkey delivery of another two FGD units based on wet lime for Units 7 and 9.

The corporation is involved in a number of FGD Decision branches. Siemens furnished complete super critical generation systems. The high efficiency results in lower SO₂ emissions per kWh. The company is also a supplier of emissions monitors. Plant optimization systems supplied by Siemens can reduce emissions and optimize reagent consumption.

Stejasa dampers for FGD and SCR systems include some recent innovations. Of particular note is the usage of new materials for the dampers or treatment or surface covering techniques for conventional metals in order to solve problems arising from temperatures below gas dew point. New seals, elastomers, and airlocking systems are part of the design.

Name	Title	Email	Mobile/office phone
Franck Ligone	Sales Director	ligonie@stejasa.com	+34-913270013

TLT - Turbo GmbH (stand 15/E 28)

FGD Discussion - Subject: Wet I.D. fans for FGD
Time: 1000, Wednesday, June 29, at this stand for approximately 30 minutes

There are significant energy benefits from locating the fan on the wet clean gas side of an FGD system. TLT has been furnishing axial fans for this tough environment since 1993. TLT has delivered over 140 fans for FGD applications. 44 of these fans are on the wet side. Corrosion is minimized by a special corrosion resistant material used for the impeller blades and outer hub shell.

At its May 9, 2005 annual meeting, Zenon estimated FGD wastewater treatment as a $10-30 million opportunity for each of the 100 new coal-fired plants under development. Zenon integrates biological selenium and mercury separation technologies with membrane bioreactors.

Zenon will supply the Yuhuan Power Plant, located in Zhejiang Province, China with its immersed ultrafiltration water treatment technology. The company’s ZeeWeed^® membranes will pre-treat seawater before it is desalinated with reverse osmosis membranes. The ultrafiltration system will produce 76,800 cubic meters per day (or just over 20 million gallons) of high quality feedwater, which will then be led to a desalination process for the production of 34,560 cubic meters per day of water, once the plant is running. This site will serve as a key reference site for Zenon. “We’re very excited about this project, which is one of the world’s largest installations of its type,” said Andrew Benedek, Zenon Chairman and CEO. "Our ZeeWeed^® technology is the ideal complement to extending the life and improving the performance of reverse osmosis membranes, particularly for seawater desalination." The Yuhuan power plant will house four sets of 1,000 MW coal-fired steam turbine generators, which will be built in two phases. The first phase of construction is scheduled for completion in 2007 while the second is set to be commissioned in 2009.

Name	Title	Email
Massimo Boldrocchi	CEO & President	mb.boldrocchi@boldrocchi.it
Marco Bailo	General Manager	bailo@boldrocchi.it
Rinaldo Osculati	Noise Protection Division Manager	osculati@boldrocchi.it
Federico Chiesa	Fans Division Manager	chiesa@boldrocchi.it
Paolo Saccenti	Service and R & S Division Manager	saccenti@boldrocchi.it
Luca Maiocchi	Air Pollution Control Division	l.maiocchi@boldrocchi.it

Name	Title	Email	Office phone
Roland Zepeck	Manager/ International Sales	roland.zepeck@durag.de	49-40-5542-18-0

Name	Title	Email	Mobile/office phone
Luigi Azzolini		luigi.azzolini@emersonprocess.com	39-039-2702-232
Maurizio Nodi		maurizio.nodi@emersonprocess.com	39-039-2702-235

Name	Title	Email	Mobile/office phone
Jeff Parmer	Int’l Operations	jparmer@envirosys.com	+44 1285-713957 (UK)
Terry Marsh	Director, Sales	tmarsh@envirosys.com	865-688-7900 x1383 (US)

Name	Title	Email	Mobile/office phone
Nanno Bolt		Nanno.Bolt@kema.com
Sjaak van der Schraff		Sjaak.vanderSchraaf@kema.com	+31263563211

Name	Title	Stand Schedule	Email
Theo Niess	Proposal Director	All Days	theo_niess@lentjes.de
Thomas Stetter	Licensing Director	"	thomas_stetter@lentjes.de

Name	Title	Email	Mobile/Office phone
S.H. Han	Manager	hanga@doosanheavy.com	82-55-278-4109

Name	Title	Email	Mobile/office phone
Nick Atkinson	Applications Mgr.	natkinson@mixingsolutions.com	+ 44 1635 275304
John Smith	Gen. Sales Mgr.	jsmith@mixingsolutions.com	+ 44 1635 275303
Chris Bartlam	Asst. Gen. Mgr.	cbartlam@mixingsolutions.com	+44 1635 275302

Name	Title	Email	Mobile phone
Mr. Thomas Neff	Vice Pres. Fans, Services and Systems	t.neff@tlt.de	+49-172-6638-174
Mr. Reinhard Müller	Director Sales Axial Flow Fans	r.mueller@tlt.de	+49-172-6638-175
Mr. Ralf Mansius	Director Sales Centrifugal Fans	r.mansius@tlt.de	+49-172-6954730-