November 2013 - Power Air Quality Insights 133

Touring Power-Gen and Filtration This Week with the McIlvaine Mobile GDPS Route Maps

This week we introduced two sets of exhibition route maps suitable for your mobile phone access. The visitor could set his schedule, make preliminary contacts and obtain lots of specific information. We will be wrapping up the coverage in the next week. So, if you are involved and want additional contacts added or more information about your product or services for one of the routes, there is still time to provide it.

The Filtration and Power-Gen show GDPS will be permanently displayed in our Global Decisions Orchard.

You can access the coverage by product, person, company, etc using the quick search. With the full search, you can find all the conference coverage including previous shows.

We will be covering the Chem show in New York and Bagfilter Shanghai show next month. If you are going to be a visitor or exhibitor at either of these exhibitions and have input, please contact Bob at: rmcilvaine@mcilvainecompany.com.

Mercury Removal Market Could Grow From Less than $1 Billion/Yr to Over $10 Billion
In The Coming Years

The market for systems and consumables to remove mercury from stack gases could exceed $10 billion by 2020. This is the latest conclusion reached by the McIlvaine Company in Mercury Air Reduction Market. (www.mcilvainecompany.com)

Regulatory Status
Application	Europe	Americas	Asia
Waste-to-energy	yes	yes	yes
Utility Power Air	No but most plants have scrubbers	yes	China on the path
Utility Power Water	yes	pending	pending
Cement	no	yes	no
Industrial Boiler	no	yes	no
Steel	no	no	no
Mining	no	no	no

Power plants, industrial boilers and cement plants will have to meet new mercury limits by 2016. It is estimated that annual expenditures to meet these rules will exceed $1 billion/yr.

Waste-to-energy plants around the world typically employ equipment to remove mercury. However, the rest of the world lags behind the U.S. relative to limiting stack gas mercury emissions from industrial boilers and cement plants.

When one country takes the lead with more stringent reduction requirements for a particular pollutant, the other countries eventually follow. Also, when one industry is forced to remove a specific quantity of a pollutant, other industries with similar emissions are likely to be subsequently regulated.

It is, therefore, possible to roughly approximate the long-term potential based on the U.S. utility sector as one hundred percent. The conclusion is that the potential is for a market sixteen times the U.S. utility market.

Potential Market In % With Americas Utility Power = 100
Application	Europe	Americas	Asia	Total
Waste-to-energy	20	5	40	65
Utility Power Air	40	100	1,000	1,140
Utility Power Water	5	5	40	50
Cement	20	10	60	90
Industrial Boiler	20	20	100	140
Steel and Other	15	10	40	65
Mining	10	15	20	45
Total	130	165	1,300	1,595

This conclusion is based on the quantities of mercury emitted by industries in various regions. The Asian coal-fired utility sector is much larger than the U.S. sector. China produces five times as much cement as the U.S. U.S. cement plants emit 15 tons of mercury per year, while U.S. utilities emit 50 tons per year. Assuming mercury emissions are the same per ton of cement produced in China, the Chinese cement emissions are 75 tons.

The market will be greatly affected by the technologies chosen for mercury removal. Some are high in capital cost and low in consumables expenditures. Others are the opposite. There are many promising technologies which could reduce the market size.

To keep up with this new technology, McIlvaine has created Mercury Reduction Global Decisions Positioning System which gives polluters a chance to move back and forth among decision trees such as plant retirement, water pollution, solid waste implications and removal of other pollutants (HCl, SO₂, and NO_x). The ultimate best decision will include decision stops at each tree.

Suppliers of stationary air pollution control equipment and systems will generate revenues in excess of $44 billion in 2014. This is the latest forecast in Air Pollution Management published by McIlvaine Company. (www.mcilvainecompany.com)

Nearly half the total revenues will be generated in East Asia. NAFTA will be the second largest regional purchaser. Western Europe is spending a minimal amount on air pollution control for coal-fired boilers due to its push toward renewable.

Power is the leading purchasing sector. There is a huge program to address the stack gases emitted by utility coal-fired power plants in China. There are new regulations for hundreds of thousands of industrial boilers.

FGD has ranked first in terms of revenues for a technology. However, the decision to retrofit 400,000 MW of selective catalytic reduction systems (SCR) for NO_x control in Chinese power plants will raise the revenue levels to greater than that for FGD next year.

Cement has been the biggest market for fabric filters. However, the new regulations impacting utility and industrial boilers in both China and the U.S. promise to make these two sectors the top revenue opportunities in the next five years.

The market for electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) remains large, but fabric filters are carving out a market share. Thermal treatment systems including regenerative thermal oxidizers are being applied to new markets beyond the conventional VOCs. Coal bed methane and a number of applications in gas extraction present very large opportunities.

It takes a lot of energy to store all the data one billion people and 20 million businesses plug into their computers, phones, tablets and gadgets. So as part of an effort to become carbon neutral, Microsoft Corp. has entered a 20-year deal to buy power from a new wind farm in Texas, the first time the tech giant is directly purchasing electricity from a specific source.

The deal announced recently between Microsoft and RES Americas is being funded in part by money collected from a “carbon fee,” an internal tax of sorts that the company has been charging its departments for every ton of carbon produced. Microsoft also hopes the deal will be a model for other parts of its global operations, said Brian Janous, Microsoft’s Director of energy strategy.

Construction on RES Americas’ $200 million, 55-turbine wind power project, called Keechi, will begin in December and is expected to be operational by June 2015. Microsoft is buying all 430,000 megawatt hours of energy it produces — or enough to power up to 45,000 homes. That’s about 5 percent to 10 percent of the company’s total electricity consumption.

Microsoft also is looking for ways to make data-storage systems and servers more efficient, to develop software and other products that could make “green” buildings more efficient and improve and expand a setup that allows servers to operate in warmer temperatures, giving some data centers the ability to use natural air and water for cooling instead of traditional, power-hungry air conditioning units, Janous said.

Kyocera Corporation announced the launch of a 70 megawatt (MW) solar power plant in Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Japan. The Kagoshima Nanatsujima Mega Solar Power Plant went online on November 1 and is being operated by a special purpose company established by Kyocera and six other companies to sell the electricity to a local utility under Japan's feed-in-tariff (FIT) program.

Expectations and interest in solar energy have heightened to a new level in Japan with the need to resolve power supply issues resulting from the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011. To further promote the use of renewable energy, the Japanese government launched a restructured FIT program in July 2012, which stipulates that local utilities are required to purchase 100 percent of the power generated from solar installations of more than 10 kilowatts (kW) for a period of 20 years.

Exploring a new business model for utility-scale solar power generation, Kagoshima Mega Solar Power Corporation was established by Kyocera and six other companies in July 2012. Under a financing plan devised by Mizuho Corporate Bank, the new company was tasked to develop and operate the 70 MW solar power plant on land owned by IHI Corporation —with the power generated to be purchased by Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. based on the FIT program. As the largest shareholder of the new company, the Kyocera Group was responsible for the supply of solar modules as well as part of the construction, and will also undertake maintenance of the system with Kyudenko Corporation.

Alstom Teams with GDF Suez to Equip the Raz Blanchard Tidal Power Pilot Farm

Alstom and GDF Suez will prepare a common project to respond to the call for expressions of interest for pilot tidal farms announced by the French President, François Hollande in Cherbourg. Jérôme Pécresse, Alstom's Renewable Power President and Gérard Mestrallet, CEO of GDF Suez, signed a cooperation agreement concerning this, in the Lower Normandy Region in France.

As part of this cooperation, Alstom and GDF Suez will establish the various technical parameters to harness effectively the marine currents at the raz Blanchard site, where the pilot farms will be installed, near the port of Cherbourg coast. The partners will also propose an operation and maintenance strategy for the pilot farm, as well as a roadmap to maximize the positive socio-economic benefits of this new activity throughout the region and the country. This is an important step to support the development of larger commercial farms.

Alstom is successfully testing its 1 MW tidal turbine under EMEC[1] waters, off Scotland's Orkney Islands. The turbine has reached the full nominal power of 1 MW, generating over 10 MWh of electricity on the grid. Trials performed in pilot farms will test the performance of the turbine under real operating conditions.

San José Announces World’s Largest Dry Fermentation Anaerobic Digestion Facility

Opening in November, Zero Waste Energy Development Company’s (ZWEDC) Dry Fermentation Anaerobic Digestion (AD) Facility in San José will be the first large-scale commercial facility of its kind in the U.S. Food scraps, yard waste and other compostable materials from San José businesses will be converted into renewable energy and compost. With organics comprising the largest portion of materials still landfilled, San José was committed to developing an innovative facility capable of processing and recovering these valuable materials. Phase I of the ZWEDC plant will process up to 90,000 tons per year of organic waste, generating approximately 1.6 MW of clean renewable power. The facility stands as the largest of its kind in the world.

The fully-enclosed and ventilated facility includes 16 anaerobic digesters plus four in-vessel composting tunnels. Dry fermentation AD is a natural biological process where bacteria break down organic matter in an oxygen-free environment. Decomposition occurs in stages and converts organic matter into a combustible biogas with a high methane content.

“This project demonstrates the potential for other cities in California and the nation,” said Eric Herbert, CEO, ZWE. “We hope that people will recognize the role organic waste and this technology can have for renewable energy on a larger scale.”

Implementation of a commercial-scale AD facility will accelerate adoption of biomethane production technology. The ZWEDC facility in San José paves the way for other jurisdictions to readily follow.

CESA Awarded $1.5 Million from U.S. Department of Energy to Reduce Solar Costs Across New England

Clean Energy States Alliance (CESA), a national nonprofit organization that works with state leaders, federal agencies, industry leaders, and other stakeholders to promote renewable energy and energy efficiency in the United States, has been awarded a $1.5 million funding award under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) SunShot Initiative Rooftop Solar Challenge II program. The award will be used to build a five-state partnership to reduce the costs of solar in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont, and to create more streamlined, consistent solar application processes for the region’s 13 million residents.

The Rooftop Solar Challenge II incentivizes teams to make it easier and more affordable for Americans to go solar through competitively-awarded funding. By streamlining permit processes, updating planning and zoning codes, improving standards for connecting solar power to the electric grid, and increasing access to financing, teams will clear a path for rapid expansion of solar energy and serve as models for other communities across the nation. The Rooftop Solar Challenge II is part of the SunShot Initiative, which strives to make solar energy fully cost-competitive with other forms of energy by the end of the decade.

“Wet vs. Dry ESP” is the “Hot Topic Hour” on Thursday, November 21, 2013 at 10:00 a.m. CST

The new air toxics regulations in the U.S. were initially so stringent as to dictate the replacement of nearly one third of the coal-fired power plant electrostatic precipitators (ESP) with fabric filters. Fortunately, the final utility Mercury and Air Toxics Standard (MATS) released last December was weakened to define particulate as just discrete particles and eliminated the inclusion of condensables. The rule does require continuous measurement of particulate mass instead of just opacity. This means that particulate mass during start up, shut downs and excursions will be included in the totals.

Many believe that existing precipitators will prove inadequate to meet the limits and most utilities including those with existing precipitators will be required to add bag filters. On the other hand, there are substantial improvements being made to make precipitators more efficient.

The following speakers will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of wet or dry ESPs; The various options available and key issues to be addressed when deciding whether to upgrade or replace an existing ESP or when designing a new installation in order to achieve compliance; how the facility space available, existing control equipment installed, fuel type, flue gas physical and chemical conditions, etc. affect the selection; and current experience with control of fine particulates with ESPs especially the performance of newly upgraded or retrofitted units relative to achieving the PM_2.5 emission limits.

Steven A. (Steve) Jaasund, Manager Geoenergy Products for A. H. Lundberg Associates, will present “Wet ESPs for Improved Particulate Control.” Since the Clean Air Act was passed in 1970, there has been an unmistakable trend toward more restrictive emission control regulations. The present PM_2.5 ambient air quality standards are just a stop along the way. More requirements are to be expected. Until now dry emission collection technologies has sufficed. However, the capability and the economic advantage of dry ESP systems are reaching limits and, in many cases, wet control technology may prove to be the better choice. This presentation will outline the advantages of wet control technology from both a performance and economic point of view.

Paul Leanza, Senior Technical Engineer for Post Combustion Control Equipment with Pollution Control Services, Inc., will discuss “Improving ESP Performance.” He will focus on evaluating existing precipitators’ ability to meet the 0.030lb/MMBtu regulations. The majority of existing ESPs are not operating under their original design basis and many existing ESPs have not been upgraded with modern operating philosophies or equipment. Taking a holistic approach in evaluating the precipitator in its current operating parameters permit a viable plan forward, as the operating parameters have been modified as additional post combustion control equipment like SO₃, NO_x, and Hg control have been incorporated over the last few years.

James "Buzz" Reynolds, Vice-President for Wet ESP Technology at Siemens Energy, Inc. Environmental Systems & Services, will compare wet and dry ESP technology. While wet and dry ESPs retain similar high voltage and collection systems and share similar physical characteristics, many differences exist attributable mainly to the inherent design of the technology to address various size particles. Dry ESPs are used to capture coarse, filterable particulate matter (PM₁₀) such as flyash. Wet ESPs capture sub-micron particulate matter, condensables and water mist commonly referred to as PM_2.5. Where flyash characteristics play a large role in the sizing of dry ESPs, this is not the case with wet ESPs as they are not dependent upon particulate resistivity. This presentation compares the two technologies and Siemens’ experience with the technologies.

On Thursday at 10:00 a.m. Central time, McIlvaine hosts a 90 minute web meeting on important energy and pollution control subjects. Power webinars are free for subscribers to either Power Plant Air Quality Decisions or Utility Tracking System. The cost is $125.00 for non-subscribers. Market Intelligence webinars are free to McIlvaine market report subscribers and are $400.00 for non-subscribers.

DATE	Non-Subscribers Cost	SUBJECT	Webinar Type
November 21, 2013	$125.00	Wet vs Dry ESP	Power
December 5, 2013	$125.00	Update on Gasification Projects and Technology	Power
December 12, 2013	$125.00	Selecting FGD Scrubber Components	Power
December 19, 2013	$125.00	Application of U.S. Mercury Control Technology in Other Countries	Power
January 9, 2014	$125.00	Improving ESP Performance	Power
January 16, 2014	$125.00	Corrosion Issues and Materials for APC Systems	Power
January 23, 2014	$125.00	Co-Firing Sewage Sludge, Biomass and Municipal Waste	Power
January 30, 2014	$125.00	Impact of Ambient Air Quality Rules on Fossil Fueled Boilers and Gas Turbines	Power
February 6, 2014	$125.00	Review of EUEC	Power
February 13, 2014	$125.00	NOx Catalyst Performance on Mercury and SO3	Power
February 20, 2014	$125.00	CFB Technology and Clean Coal (Update on CFB Reactor Technology)	Power
February 27, 2014	$125.00	Dry FGD: Spray Dry vs. CFB vs. DSI	Power
March 6, 2014	$125.00	Update on IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle)	Power
March 13, 2014	$125.00	Update on Oxy-Fuel Combustion	Power
March 20, 2014	$125.00	Air Preheaters & Heat Exchangers	Power
March 27, 2014	$125.00	Mercury Control and Removal	Power
April 3, 2014	$125.00	HRSG Design, Operation and Maintenance Considerations	Power
April 10, 2014	$125.00	Measurement and Control Instrumentation for Power Plants	Power
April 17, 2014	$125.00	Measurement and Control of PM2.5	Power
April 24, 2014	$125.00	Status of Carbon-to-Liquid Projects and Technology	Power
May 1, 2014	$125.00	Renewable Energy, Status, Options, Technology Update	Power
May 8, 2014	$125.00	Valves for Power Plant Steam and Cooling Water	Power
May 15, 2014	$125.00	Water Treatment During Gas and Oil Production	Power
May 22, 2014	$125.00	Advances in Coal Blending	Power
May 29, 2014	$125.00	Clean Coal Technologies	Power
June 5, 2014	$125.00	Material Handling in Fossil Fueled Power Plants	Power
June 12, 2014	$125.00	Industrial Boiler MACT - Impact and Control Options	Power
June 19, 2014	$125.00	Multi-emissions Control Technologies	Power
June 26, 2014	$125.00	Next Generation of Coal Combustion Technologies	Power
July 10, 2014	$125.00	Compliance Strategies for PM2.5

191 Waukegan Road Suite 208 | Northfield | IL 60093
Ph: 847-784-0012 | Fax: 847-784-0061

World Region	2014
Total	44,014
Africa	1,072
CIS	1,427
East Asia	20,321
Eastern Europe	1,098
Middle East	1,100
NAFTA	8,463
South & Central America	1,627
West Asia	3,807
Western Europe	5,099