Improvement and adoption of advanced combust, flow and treat technologies is changing the geopolitical order. North Korea hopes to avoid energy dependence by converting its coal to liquid and gaseous fuels. Oil prices in the U.S. might be $150/barrel if it were not for oil shale fracturing. China has a big coal to liquids/gases program designed to reduce LNG and oil imports. China has bigger shale reserves than the U.S. It realizes that even though the domestic shale presents more difficult challenges than some shale regions in the U.S it can become competitive by developing better flow and treat technologies. China has an economy equal to the U.S. It is growing at nine percent per year compared to less than three percent in the U.S. It is the largest operator of coal fired boilers in the world with four times the capacity of the U.S. coal fired fleet. However, its lack of indigenous liquid and gaseous fuels has been a deterrent to growth. North Korea presently exports 25 million tons of coal. It would need to liquefy only 6 million tons to meet its needs. Because of the 1974 oil embargo, the U.S. accelerated its coal to liquids program. When the embargo was lifted the program was eliminated. China has taken advantage of everything the U.S learned and has a large number of coal to chemical complexes. One plan involves a $30 billion pipeline constructed by Sinopec to deliver clean coal gas from Northern China to cities throughout the country. Homeowners and industry have switched to gas in anticipation of a low cost supply. Actual usage is up 19 percent in 2018 which far exceeds the 10 percent predicted. Much of the new demand will be served by imported LNG. Exxon Mobil Corp is placing big bets on China’s soaring liquefied natural gas (LNG) demand, coupling multi-billion dollar production projects around the world with its first mainland storage and distribution outlet. Its gas strategy is moving on two tracks: expanding output of the super-cooled gas in places such as Papua New Guinea and Mozambique, and creating demand for those supplies in China by opening Exxon’s first import and storage hub, according to an Exxon manager and people briefed on the company’s plans. Click Here For Complete News Release Text
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