One of the biggest issues for offshore production is the formation of hydrates. Hydrates form when light hydrocarbons and water mix under high pressures and low temperatures. Hydrates restrict flow and can form solid plugs that block production and damage equipment. Low-dose hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs) metered directly from the sea floor could perform just as well as traditional topside flow assurance practices—with substantial cost savings and efficiency benefits. But pumps used to deliver chemicals must adhere to certain criteria to withstand the unique challenges of the sea floor environment. LDHIs require far lower injection rates (of 0.5 to 2.0 percent by volume) and are much more cost-effective and practical when used properly. Removing a single ton of pumping equipment enables engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) providers to reduce the weight of the entire platform by up to 4 tons. If an offshore platform costs $30,000 per ton to build, then removing a metering pump from the deck surface can save up to $120,000 for each pump. The same equation holds true for the weight of the tanks required to store the vast quantities of methanol or other TI flow-assurance chemicals, illustrating a further savings that can be extracted by switching to LDHIs. Click Here For Complete Article Text
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