PCME has Particulate CEMS to Meet the European Standards for Cement Kilns Classified as Co-Incinerators
The European Waste Incineration Directive 2000/76/EC (WID) applies to many cement facilities across Europe, since kilns using waste as a fuel source (e.g., tires, plastics and municipal waste) are classified as co-incineration processes and are covered by the Directive.
The Directive specifies a lower emission limit for particulate of 30 mg/m3 at 10 percent oxygen conditions). The implication of this new lower emission limit is that many processes are already upgrading or planning to upgrade their existing particulate control equipment using electrostatic precipitators (ESP) to more efficient multi-compartment bag filter systems.
The Directive requires that emissions be continuously measured with a methodology that gives a total uncertainty of less than 30 percent. This new type of compliance monitoring is underpinned with two new European standards, EN-14181, which relates to the Quality Control of Automatic Monitoring Systems (covering dust and gas) and EN-13284-2 that is specifically relevant to particulate. EN-14181 and EN-13284-2 require monitoring that is more similar to compliance monitoring that is performed in the U.S.A. and is importantly different to that currently in place in most European countries. All operators of cement kilns covered by the Directive will be required to assess their protocols to ensure it meets the new standard and many will need to change or upgrade their existing continuous monitoring systems to meet the standard.
Kiln processes not falling under Co-Incineration Directive are unlikely to adopt the new standards EN-14181/13284-2 due to the higher costs of monitoring. The costs of monitoring to satisfy EN-14181 are significantly higher than current monitoring practice in Europe, due to three key issues:
The calibration must cover at least 3 days and the data
traceability and analysis requirements are also quite extensive. In the U.K.
this has increased costs from £5 - £10,000.
Calibrations not passing the variability test must be repeated.
Instruments must be upgraded to have appropriate zero and span materials and statistical features to satisfy QAL 3.
In such processes, continuous monitoring is likely to continue with instruments approved to meet existing regulatory standards (e.g., BImSchV 17 and MCERTS standards of April 2003) and with calibration regimes using 3 or 5 Isokinetic tests).
The LMS-181 has been specifically developed by PCME to satisfy the new requirements of EN-14181. The instrument comprises a sensor probe with an in-situ measurement volume at the tip of the probe which is inserted in the stack. The instrument uses pro-scatter technology, a form of light scattering technique, to measure the particle concentration and is calibrated by reference to an SRM to EN-13284-2.
The DT-990 instrument is for continuous emissions measurement on coal, clinker and cement as well as emissions from silos and drying processes controlled by bag filters. The instrument comprises an electrodynamic sensor inserted directly in the stack connected to a central control unit for user interface and data acquisition. The sensor operates by monitoring the natural charge signature induced as particles pass the probe with the key advantage of being unaffected by contamination on the sensor rod surface and being able to operate reliably and without cross-interference from water vapor. This rugged performance is critical in cement processes where there can be high levels of accumulating dust and high levels of humidity from drying processes.
Continuous monitoring and 14181 for cement- CISF 2005
www.pcme.co.uk/.../Continuous_monitoring_and_14181_for_cement_CISF_2005.pdf