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Particulate Air Pollution Definitions and Goals Keep Changing
·
Renewable Energy Briefs
·
Utility E-Alert Headlines – October 31, 2014
·
“Power Plant Cooling” is the “Hot Topic Hour” on November 13, 2014
·
McIlvaine Hot Topic Hour Registration
Particulate Air Pollution Definitions and Goals Keep Changing
For those tasked with making decisions relative to reducing particulate air
pollution there is a special challenge. The definitions and the goals keep
changing. All these changes are documented in a number of McIlvaine
publications and services.
The confusion starts with the very basic definition of particulate. Small
particles penetrate the lungs and are of greater concern than large particles.
So a definition based on particle diameter (10 microns or 2.5 microns) is used.
However, most particles are not spheres. The actual measurement is based
on impaction which is a function of size, weight and shape. Needless to
say, there is lots of room for confusion and poor decision making based on the
definition variables.
Another problem is based on the distinction between total particulate and
condensibles. Compounds, which exit the stack as vapors but condense in
the atmosphere, are important contributors to pollution. The original power
plant air toxic rules limited the total particulate including condensibles but
the final version focused just on the discrete fraction.
Measurement methods are a big variable. Stack cleanliness is measured with
High Efficiency Particulate Filters (HEPA). However, cleanrooms use HEPA
filters for processes and test their efficiency with particle counters.
Ambient air is considered clean from a weight perspective, but could contain
hundreds of thousands of small particles in every cubic foot.
EPA determined that almost no mercury was discharged as particulate from power
plant stacks. So its regulations require only the measurement of gaseous
mercury. Unfortunately most of the reduction methods involve converting
gaseous mercury to particulate mercury prior to removal. The result is
that a plant can report low mercury emissions. but can be discharging the
mercury in a particulate form.
McIlvaine tracks all the complexities in a number of publications.
For more information, click on:
N021 World Fabric Filter and Element Market
N018 Electrostatic Precipitator World Market
N056 Mercury Air Reduction Market
44I Power Plant Air Quality Decisions
Renewable Energy Briefs
Samsung
and Pattern Development Complete C$580 Million Financing and Start Construction
of Armow Wind Project in Ontario
Construction has begun on the Armow Wind power project in Ontario. Samsung
Renewable Energy, Inc. and Pattern Energy Group LP announced the completion of a
C$580 million construction and term loan financing, which was secured with 10
financial institutions. Located in the Township of Kincardine, the 180 megawatt
(MW) Armow Wind power project will utilize more than 200 Ontario workers and
Ontario-made products, including 91 wind turbine towers made in Windsor and 273
blades manufactured in Tillsonburg.
The
Armow Wind project will generate enough clean energy to power approximately
70,000 Ontario homes based on average annual residential energy use in Ontario.
The project, which is expected to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2015,
will utilize 91 Siemens 2.3 MW wind turbines. Armow Wind has a 20-year power
purchase agreement with the Ontario Power Authority (OPA).
SunEdison and Rajasthan Government Sign MOU for 5 GW of Solar PV
SunEdison, Inc., signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Rajasthan
Government aimed at developing Rajasthan as the global hub for solar energy.
SunEdison intends to establish 5 GWs of capacity in the form of multiple Mega
Solar Projects, with the expected capacity of each Mega Solar project 500
megawatts (MW) or more. The MOU comes at an opportune time following the new
Solar Policy announced by the Government of Rajasthan, which aspires to create
25 GW of solar capacity in the state in the next few years.
Mr.
Gopalan reiterated SunEdison’s commitment to India by saying: “SunEdison is
committed to the long term development ofIndia’s solar program and supports its
quest for energy security. In support of this initiative we are building local
and global partnerships to ensure India is at the cutting edge of solar
technology and can provide its citizens with clean, reliable, affordable energy
solutions.”
Axion
Power Designated as Supplier of Energy Storage and Frequency Regulation for 9.1
MW Pennsylvania Solar Farm
Axion
Power International, Inc., a developer of advanced lead-carbon PbC® batteries,
energy storage systems and frequency regulation systems, announced it has been
designated as the supplier of energy storage and frequency regulation for a
solar farm that, when finished, will be the largest in Pennsylvania.
The Coatesville Solar Initiative (CSI) announced its choice of Axion Power and
its PbC® technology and batteries for the 48-acre project. Axion Power PbC
PowerCube™ technology has been admitted to connect with the 13-state PJM power
grid, and brings that certification to the CSI project.
Phase I
& II of the multi-phased project is comprised of two 2.4 megawatt (DC) solar
facilities, generating approximately 6.3 million kilowatt hours which CSI has
contractually agreed to sell Coatesville Area School District (CASD) through a
25-year solar power purchase agreement (SPPA). According to CSI, when completed,
the 9.1 megawatt solar farm will be the largest solar park facility in
Pennsylvania.
Construction Under Way at PSE&G’s Third Landfill Solar Farm
New
Jersey Senate President Stephen Sweeney, New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection Commissioner Bob Martin and New Jersey State Senator Donald Norcross
helped Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G) mark the start of
construction on its largest solar project to date, an 11.18-megawatt-dc (MW-dc)
solar farm atop the closed Kinsley Landfill. The Kinsley Solar Farm is the
utility's third project to transform New Jersey's landfill space into clean,
energy-producing solar farms, through its Solar 4 All™ program.
The
solar farm will convert 35 acres of the 140-acre landfill site into a solar
generation powerhouse. Through the installation of 36,841 solar panels, Kinsley
will provide enough grid-connected electricity to power about 2,000 average-size
homes annually. Kinsley's Landfill, Inc. owns the Kinsley Landfill, which closed
in 1987.
DTE
Biomass Dedicates Renewable Energy Facility in North Carolina
DTE
Biomass Energy celebrated the completion of its 9.6-megawatt landfill
gas-to-energy project at the Uwharrie Environmental Landfill in Mt. Gilead.
DTE
Biomass Energy last month started operating the facility at the landfill, which
is owned and operated by Republic Services of North Carolina. Landfill gas at
the site is used to generate renewable energy which is subsequently sold to Duke
Energy Progress. The Uwharrie facility will more than double DTE Biomass'
generation capacity in North Carolina, where it already operates six renewable
energy projects.
For more information on Renewable Energy Projects and Update
please visit
http://www.mcilvainecompany.com/brochures/Renewable_Energy_Projects_Brochure/renewable_energy_projects_brochure.htm
Headlines for Utility E-Alert –October 31, 2014
UTILITY E-ALERT
Table of Contents
COAL – US
§ Power4Georgians gets 18-month extension on Coal Plant Air Permit
§ DTE completes Clean Coal Project at Monroe Power Plant in Michigan
§
CONSOL sells Illinois Coal
Reserves to Murray Energy
COAL – WORLD
§
Government of India unveils Plan for More
Equitable Supply of Coal for Power Plants
§
Andhra Pradesh, India wants to procure
2400 MW of Power
§
Tata Power to complete 1,320 MW Long Phu 2
in Vietnam Three Years Early
§
China Machinery Engineering Corp. to build
Power Plant in Punjab, India
§
Coal-fired Power Plants still being
studied in Myanmar
GAS/OIL – US
GAS/OIL – WORLD
NUCLEAR
BUSINESS
§
Hundreds
of Subsea Projects with Thousands of Pumps Moving Forward Despite Shrinking Oil
Prices
HOT TOPIC HOUR
For more information on the Utility Tracking System, click on:
http://home.mcilvainecompany.com/index.php/databases/2-uncategorised/89-42ei
“Power Plant Cooling” is the “Hot Topic Hour” on November 13, 2014
This webinar will focus on the decisions power plants will make relative to
steam cooling at both new and existing facilities. In the U.S., operators
have to deal with regulation 316B which requires water intake procedures to
minimize harm to aquatic life. Many plants have once-through cooling
systems. One option to meet 316B is to install cooling towers and
recirculate water. This is very expensive. Less costly alternatives such
as intake screens which either prevent entrapment or rejection without harm need
to be considered. Flow control with variable speed pump drives is another
option.
New power plants have the option of air cooled condensers, hybrid cooling, or
wet cooling towers. Air cooled condensers consume more energy but do not
consume water. If they are designed based on average ambient air
temperatures, there can also be a generation output problem in hot weather.
The ACC has been typically utilized in arid areas, but recently it has been
selected simply because of the faster permitting track.
If wet cooling towers are chosen, decisions have to be made relative to the
recirculating and bleed rates and the use of side stream filtration. A
further decision has to be made relative to the fate of the bleed stream.
A number of plants are opting for zero liquid discharge.
Another option is to find co-generation uses for the heat. Great Rivers Energy,
which operates ethanol plants on site, is a prime example of the success of this
option.
The webinar will examine all of these options for nuclear, coal and gas turbine
combined cycle power plants.
Panelists will include:
Keith Silverman,
Proposal Manager, Research Cottrell Cooling, Inc.
Nick Schroeder,
BSME, PE, Kiewit Power Engineers
Daniel M. Cicero,
Senior Industry Development Manager, Power Group, Water & Process Services
Division, Nalco Company
Trent T. Gathright,
Business Manager – Intakes & Cooling Water Energy Group – Americas, Ovivo
Barbara Carney,
Chemical Engineer, Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory
Click here to view schedule and register
McIlvaine Hot Topic Hour Registration
On Thursday at 10 a.m. Central time, McIlvaine hosts
a 90 minute web meeting on important energy and pollution control subjects. Power
webinars are free for subscribers to either Power Plant Air Quality
Decisions or Utility Tracking System. The cost is
$300.00 for
non-subscribers.
See below for information on upcoming Hot Topic Hours. We welcome your input
relative to suggested additions.
|
DATE |
SUBJECT |
|
|
November |
||
|
6 |
Coal-fired Power Plant NOx
Reduction Innovations |
|
|
13 |
Power Plant Cooling |
|
|
December |
||
|
18 |
Boiler Feedwater Treatment |
Click here for the
Subscriber and Power Plant
Owner/Operator Registration Form
Click here for the
Non-Subscribers Registration Form
Click here for the Free
Hot Topic Hour Registration Form
----------
You can register for our free McIlvaine Newsletters at:
http://home.mcilvainecompany.com/index.php?option=com_rsform&formId=5
Bob McIlvaine
President
847 784 0012 ext 112
rmcilvaine@mcilvainecompany.com
